Cultural Pessimism is a longstanding idea in civilization. Those crying out that the current state of things has been a wrong turn compared to what came before, seems to be a cultural type, present in most societies to some degree or another. Often attacking genuine cultural deficiencies, sometimes the cries can be overblown, but often they have a basis in reality. The end of the Roman Republic was no different in this regard, and some Romans, such as Cato the Elder, sounded alarms to the decline of the Republic, or at least what they saw as decline, which is often more important than whether or not decline is actually happening. So, for Romans such as Cato, what was going on in the Roman Republic that would have elicited such reactions? SOURCES: Rome at War: Farms, Families, and Death in the Middle Republic, Nathan Rosenstein The Eternal Decline & Fall of Rome: A History of a Dangerous Idea, Edward Watts SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome, Mary Beard